Rkr engineer

  Wind Energy Wind energy is an indirect source of solar energy conversion and can be utilised to run windmill which in turn drives a generator to produce electricity. Winds are caused by the pressure gradient. The kinetic energy of wind can be converted into mechanical or electrical energy.  Wind energy is used to generate electricity by wind turbines. Blowing wind spins the blades on a wind turbine. The blades of the turbine are attached to a hub that is mounted on a turning shaft. The shaft goes through a gear transmission box where the turning speed is increased. The transmission is attached to a high speed shaft which turns a generator. Energy is stored by D.C. batteries. If the wind gets too fast the turbine has a brake that will keep the blades from running too fast and being damaged.  In India generally wind speeds obtained are in the lower ranges. Attempts are therefore on the development of low cost low speed mills for irrigation of small and marginal farms for providing drin

 Global warming The greenhouse effect at it natural level is very essential for life to exist on this planet ( earth) , but its increase (enhanced greenhouse effect) as is actually taking pqlce, is feared to cause global climatic changes of irreversible and highly destructive type. The greenhouse effect is in fact normal to earth and essential to life. Without it, the earth would be over 30°C cooler and life as we know would not exist.  The Energy of the Sun is emitted as heat radiations. Some of the heat radiations reach the earth surface and are absorbed and retained by the earth surface. Some of this absorbed heat is then re-radiated by the heated earth surface . the temperature of the earth surface is determined by the energy balance between the heat energy reaching the earth surface and the heat energy that is radiated back into space.  Troposphere, the lowermost layer of the atmosphere , traps heat by a natural process due ti the presence of certain gases. This effect is called g

  Damp proof course  A continuous layer of impervious damp resisting material provided to protect super structure of a building from dampness.  Properties of Ideal Damp Proofing Material  1) Damp proofing material should be impervious for restricting the moisture movement through even a thin layer of it.  2) It should carry safely the loads coming, over it due to dead weight of the structure , live load , wind load etc.  3) The material should not change its properties with time.  Types of Damp Proofing 1) Membrane damp proofing 2)Intergral damp proofing  3) Surface Treatment for damp proofing  4) Guniting  5) Cavity wall Construction  MEMBRANCE DAMP PROOFING   By Providing layer or membrance of water repellent material between the source of dampness and the part of structure adjacent to it is called Membrane Damp proofing   Then this type of layer is called Damp Proofing Course DPC  This layer consists of material like bitumenous felt, mastic asphalt , plastic or polythene sheet and c