Rkr engineer

Excerise no 5.1 1) In which of the following situations, does the list of number involved makes as airthmatic progessions and why ?   A) the taxi fare after each km when the fare is RS 15 for the first km and RS 8 for each additional km  Answer    It can be observed that  Taxi fare for 1st km = 15   Taxi fare for first 2nd km = 15+8 = 23 taki fare for first 3rd km  = 23+8 = 31 Taki fare for first 4 km    =31+8 = 39 Clearly 15, 23, 31, 39 form an A.P. because every term is 8 more than preceding term. B) the amount of air present in the cylinder when a vaccum pump remove 1/4 À of the air remaining in the cylinder at a time Answer  Let the initial volume of air in a cylinder by V litres . In each stock the vaccum pump remove À 1/4 À of air remaining in the cylinder at a time . In other words after every Stoke only 1- 1/4 = 3/4 Part of air will remain Therefore volume will be V, 3V/4 , (3V...

Levelling                    Levelling is a brench of surveying the object of which is a) to find the elevation of given points with respect to a given or assumed datum b) to establish points at a given elevation or at different elevations with respect to a given or assumed datum. There are three different methods of determination of levels 1) Barometric levelling 2) Trigonometric levelling 3) Spirit levelling Instrument used in levelling a) A telescope to provide line of sight b) A level tube to make the line of sight horizontal c) A levelling head to bring the bubble in its center of run d) A tripod to support the instrument Following types of level are geny used a) Dummy level b) Wye ( or Y level ) c) Reversible level d) Tilting level Error in levelling A) instrument errors 1) Errors due to imperfect adjustment 2) Errors due to sluggish bubble 3) Error due to movement of objective slide 4) Rod not of stand...

Theodolite surveying                                         A theodolite surveying is the most precise instrument designed for the measurement of horizontal and vertical angles and has wide applicability in surveying such as a) laying off horizontal lines b) locating points on line c) prolonging survey line d) establishing grades e) setting out curves etc A theodolite may be tranist theodolite in which the line of sight can be reversed by revolving the telescope through 180°, in the vertical plane . The theodolite in which the telescope can not be transited are known as non transit theodolite.

Rkr engineer: Haryana HSSC je civil engineering 2019 book : HARYANA HSSC-JE 2019 Book For Civil Engineering 6% off Format: Paperback Price: ₹ 465.00 S...

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Civil engineering                                  The field deals with the planning, designing & construction of buildings and various other structures like dams, bridge , tunnel , road  and other civil structure. 1) Concrete test                           * Slump test * Comprehensive strength test * Water permeability test * Water absorption test 2) Least cover provided for RCC member Footing         50 mm Column        40 mm Beam            25 mm Slab              20 mm 3) Difference between one way slab and two way slab ★ one way slab :      Ratio of longer span /  shorter span > 2 ★ two way slab :    Ratio of longer span / shorter span < 2 4) moment of ine...

Grade of concrete                                   Grade of concrete is defined as the minimum strength the concrete must possess after 28 days of construction with proper quality control. Concrete grade Grade                  Proportion  M 5.                      1: 5 : 10          M7.5.                    1 : 4 : 8        M10                      1 : 3 : 6    M15.                    1 : 2 : 4    M20.                    1 : 1.5 : 3    M25.                  ...

Pile Foundation                               It is column support which is driven into the ground vertically or in an inclined position to improve the bearing capacity of soil. It takes up the load of the structure and either directly distribute it on the hard stratum ( rock ) or balances the same with skin friction. It is a construction for the Foundation of a bridge pier or abutment supported on the piles. This is a deep type of land Foundation. This type of Foundation is adopted when the loose soil extends to a great depth. The load of the bridge is transmitted by the piles or column to hard stratum below or it is resisted by the friction developed on the sides of the piles R.C.C. or steel piles are generally used for bridge construction. The piles may be cast in site or precast.

Lime            Several historical monuments are the evidence of durability of lime mortars. Lime is obtained by burning any form of lime stone over 900° C. Lime is used for plastering interior surfaces of walls , preparing concrete for Foundation and flooring of ordinary building . It is used for washing the rooms , stabilizing the soils and knotting of timber works before painting. Quick lime                      It is the calcined material, the major part of which is calcium oxide in natural association with a relative smaller amount of magnesim oxide and capable of slaking with water Fat lime                  The lime which has high calcium oxide content and is dependent for setting and hardening solely on the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Hydraulic lime                     ...

Raft Foundation                               The Foundation consitss of R.C.C slab beneath the bridge which supports the abutments and piers of the bridge structure is knikn as raft Foundation. It is also known as mat Foundations. Method of construction                                             The raft Foundation is composed of R.C.C beams In the form of T beams and slab first of all concrete is laid over the entire area over which R.C.C slab with T beams is to be laid in suitable thickness which is known as bottom cover. Then Reinforcement is laid for T beams and secondary beams and are casted at the time of carting slab to form a monolithic mass . With rich consent concrete.

Spread Foundation or open Foundation The Foundation which is constructed over a large area to form a wide base over which the whole structure rests is called spread or open Foundation. These Foundations are made with increasing the base by making off sets. It is a type of shallow Foundation. this type of Foundation is constructed in open excavation by increasing the area at the base of structure by means of offsets or batter. This is most common type of Foundation and is practicable for a depth of about 5 m and is generally convenient above the water table. This Foundation is provided for bridges of moderate height built on sufficiently firm dry ground. If the ground is not stiff the bearing surface is further extended by wide layers of line concrete at the bottom. Method of construction                                             Excavate the Foundation trench to the...

Foundation                       Foundation is the lowest part of the stuctstruewhich is provided below the ground surface and transmit the load of the structure to the ground. Types of Foundation                                       The following are the different types of Foundation 1) spread Foundation 2) Pile Foundation 3) Pier Foundation Spread Foundation are further classified as 1) Wall footing 2) Isolated or column footing 3) Combined footing 4) Cantilever footing 5) Continuous footing 6) Grillage footing 7) Raft or Mat footing 8) Stepped Foundation